Most organizational charts lie about how marketing works through clean boxes and reporting lines, but they hide the real question of where marketing ends and everything else begins. The answer matters because unclear boundaries create confusion and conflict that masquerade as strategy disagreements:

• Sales complains marketing doesn't deliver leads.
• Marketing complains sales don't follow the narrative.
• Product says marketing overpromises.
• Strategy says marketing doesn't understand the market.

Personality conflicts? Maybe a fraction, but they're symptoms of undefined decision rights and a misunderstanding about marketing being the translation layer between strategic intent and market reality. How so?

That is probably obvious.

But asking open follow-up questions is one of the easiest ways to uncover deeper insights about how your marketing campaigns resonate with your target audience. Of course, the principal difficulty with them is coming up with the questions themselves in the moment. I've shared a range of questions that are widely applicable across many marketing research conversations.

Despite the beliefs of some psychologists and promises of Martech vendors, nothing related to human psychology and behavior is absolutely quantifiable. Nothing. But we live in an era of attribution models, conversion funnels, and predictive analytics, complete with dashboards that promise precision and a clear course of action. This mathematical certainty is largely an illusion because we human beings aren't equations. We're messy, contradictory, and influenced by thousands of unmeasurable variables, including the fight someone had that morning, the song in their head, the memory triggered by your brand color, and the cultural context they bring to your message.

Anchor beliefs are convictions that remain fixed even when faced with contradictory evidence, and we all have them. Strong beliefs shouldn't be wishy-washy and flip completely based on moderate counter-evidence, they should adjust somewhat. When they don't budge at all, it's worth asking yourself, "If this belief were false, would I want to know?" While these beliefs aren't necessarily wrong, and many are accurate, the problem is that they are held as if indisputable truths rather than hypotheses open to revision.

Marketers routinely invoke psychological concepts to explain consumer behavior and design campaigns. We speak about "creating FOMO," "leveraging social proof," and "avoiding cognitive dissonance." But many psychological terms don't mean what marketers think they mean.

Misunderstanding psychological mechanisms leads to misapplied strategies, wasted budgets, and failed campaigns. Worse, it leads to unethical practices based on flawed assumptions about how influence works.

Carl Rogers' On Becoming a Person offers a nudge for rethinking how we connect with customers primarily through an exploration of the three core conditions. They are unconditional positive regard, empathic understanding, and congruence. I went ahead and stripped away the clinical language for you to suggest that doing marketing that treats people like people is a smart way to go.

Habits are behaviors you do on autopilot that are efficient, functional, and often mindless. Think brushing your teeth, checking your phone, and grabbing a drink. Simple things you've done a thousand times before that have minimal disruptive impact on your day-to-day existence. Rituals are behaviors you do on purpose that carry weight, mark transitions, express gratitude, create focus, or reinforce your identity.

Our perception of conditions can be perfect so stop pursuing optimization, waiting for perfect market conditions, ideal team dynamics, or flawless campaign parameters. If you do you relieve yourself immediately of a dicey dependency on circumstances aligning perfectly. The perfectionist mindset transforms you into a fragile decision-maker who crumbles when reality diverges from the plans.

Guess what? When your audience doesn't respond, adding more messaging usually makes it worse. This usually means when you notice campaign performance dropping, you assume the problem is insufficient explanation, and that assumption right there is costing you conversions.

We don't misunderstand our customers because we lack intuition. We misunderstand because we don't ask. You might feel like you know your audience well enough to understand how they think, what they want, and how they make decisions. You don't. Did you know that people in relationships who assumed they already understood someone were no more accurate than strangers at decoding ambiguous statements? The relationship didn't increase accuracy, but it increased confidence. Let's allow that to percolate for a moment.

The current AI automation tools do allow for crafting a clean performance system: find what’s already working, model proven hooks, and push volume until you find winners. Tools like Manus, Fastmoss, and Kalodata make that “copy the winners” loop fast and brutally efficient.​ This practice also leans into TikTok’s reality that creative fatigue is high, CPMs are sensitive, and velocity matters more than glossy production. Hundreds of variations a day is exactly how you pressure-test hooks in a TikTok Shop environment.​ For high-velocity, direct-response e-commerce, this is not theory as AI-first production is already outperforming traditional ad workflows in many niches.​​

Your Decisions Are Shaped Before You Ever Make Them

We marketers have built entire functions around the assumption that choice happens in the moment, at the shelf, on the landing page, during the demo. Unfortunately, choice isn't a point-in-time event. It's the endpoint of a long chain of impressions, exposures, and associations accumulating long before your customer enters an active buying cycle. You're probably thinking this is just semantic. It's not. Why? Because you aren't just competing for attention in-market engineering, you're trying to shape the mental habitat in which their selection feels inevitable.

Believing that others will react as we would is the single most dangerous myth in marketing. Only human beings can look directly at something, have all the information they need to make an accurate prediction, perhaps even momentarily make the accurate prediction, and then say that it isn't so.

If you've spent any time trying to change minds, you've probably heard this advice: stories beat statistics. Sure, a well-told personal story, especially one that reveals harm or hardship, cuts through in ways that data rarely does because people connect with narrative, remember it, and even feel it. But not everyone processes information the same way.

Yes, it's important to keep abreast of the latest technological developments and tools of the moment for reasons that are not germane to this musing. And it is equally important to read (or listen to) books that reveal the consistent and pervasive variables of human nature. Why? Because within those books are timeless truths that will help you better understand how to communicate in an impactful and even meaningful way with the audience you seek to serve.